Factors associated with COVID-19: a comparative case-control study in Benin

Nonvigon Marius KÊDOTÉ; Ablo WACHINOU; Aymeric  DARBOUX; Géraud PADONOU; Pérince FONTON; Sevidzem LENDZELE; Fatou SARR; Jacques François MAVOUNGOU

Forfattere

Nonvigon Marius KÊDOTÉ Comlan Alfred Quenum Regional Institute of Public Health, University of Abomey-calavi & Thematic Program of Health Research of the African and Malagasy Council for Higher Education
Ablo WACHINOU Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Abomye-Calavi; National University Hospital for Tuberculosis and Pulmonary Diseases & Thematic Program of Health Research of the African and Malagasy Council for Higher Education
Aymeric DARBOUX Community of Practice Ecohealth for West and Central Africa, University of Abomey-calavi & Thematic Program of Health Research of the African and Malagasy Council for Higher Education
Géraud PADONOU Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou & & Thematic Program of Health Research of the African and Malagasy Council for Higher Education
Pérince FONTON Community of Practice Ecohealth for West and Central Africa, University of Abomey-calavi & Thematic Program of Health Research of the African and Malagasy Council for Higher Education
Sevidzem LENDZELE Tropical Ecology Research Institute, University of Dschang & Thematic Program of Health Research of the African and Malagasy Council for Higher Education
Fatou SARR UFR of Health Sciences, Iba Der Thiam University of Thies & Thematic Program of Health Research of the African and Malagasy Council for Higher Education
Jacques François MAVOUNGOU International University of Libreville & Thematic Program of Health Research of the African and Malagasy Council for Higher Education

Emneord (Nøkkelord):

Benin, COVID-19, risk factors, case-control

Sammendrag

Introduction: Although there are several previous publications related to risk factors of COVID-19 infection, in Benin there are very few data to explain the outbreak risk factors.

Material and methods: This case-control study, conducted from 14 September to 20 October 2020, aimed to identify the risk factors associated with COVID-19 infection in Benin. Questions on knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to COVID-19, sociodemographic characteristics, nutritional factors, medical history, housing and working conditions of respondents were asked through a questionnaire survey. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the factors associated with COVID-19. The statistical significance was set at 5%.

Results: In multivariate logistic regression, no handwashing device installed at the home entrance (ORa = 1.86; 95% CI [1.07-3.21]) or a device delivering only water (ORa = 5.57; 95% CI [1.98-15.65]), using permanently air conditioning at workplaces (ORa = 5.48; 95% CI [2.40-12.57]), less knowledge of protective measures (ORa = 1.41; 95% CI [1.08-1.84]) and no knowledge on the coronavirus incubation period (ORa = 4.19; 95% CI [2.37-7.44]) were identified as risk factors for COVID-19 infection.

Conclusions: Based on the findings of this study, a contextual response should prioritize strategies that will raise awareness and population’s knowledge of COVID-19 as well as preventive practices.